Silicon is a crystalline reflective solid having bluish-tinged faces.Physical properties of silicon are listed below. The physical and chemical properties of silicon elements are listed below. Inhaling silicon dust causes a dangerous lung disease known as silicosis.Silicon is important for plants as it strengthens the plants cell wall.This is because most of the compounds found in the earth’s crust contain silicon element in them. Silicon occupies almost 27% of the earth’s crust.Silicon is also present in the meteorites.Silicon is not found naturally, but is always found as a compound with other elements.(The electrical conductivity of metals decreases with increasing temperature.) But this electrical conductivity increases with the increase in temperature. Silicon conducts electricity like the metals.Silicon is the 2nd most abundant element present in the earth’s crust.Interesting facts about silicon element are listed below. So the last electron of silicon enters the p-subshell or p-orbital. The simple answer: The elements will lie in the s, p, d or f block will completely depend upon the subshell in which the last electron will enter.įor example the electron configuration of silicon is 3s 2 3p 2. How can you determine the blocks-wise position of elements? Protons 14 Neutrons 14 Electrons 14 Symbol Si Atomic massĢ, 8, 4 Electronic configuration 3s 2 3p 2 Atomic radiusĢ10 picometers (van der Waals radius) Valence electronsĤ 1st Ionization energy 8.152 eV ElectronegativityĭC (Diamond cubic) Melting point 1687 K or 1414 ☌ or 2577 ☏ Boiling point 3538 K or 3265 ☌ or 5909 ☏ Density 2.33 g/cm 3 Main isotope 28Si Who discovered Silicon and when?īefore knowing this reason, first of all I want to ask you a simple question. Metalloids (Carbon group) Atomic number or Silicon Element (Si) Information AppearanceĬrystalline reflective solid with bluish-tinged faces State (at STP) Solid Position in Periodic table So if you want to know anything about Silicon element, then this guide is for you. In fact, the table mentioned below is the perfect information box (Which gives you every single detail about the Silicon element in Periodic table.) It is important to recognize which numbering system is being used and to be able to find the number of valence electrons in the main block elements regardless of which numbering system is being used.This is a SUPER easy guide on Silicon element. You will come across periodic tables with both numbering systems. In this numbering system, group 1A is group 1 group 2A is group 2 the halogens (7A) are group 17 and the noble gases (8A) are group 18. The elements in this group are also gases at room temperature.Īn alternate numbering system numbers all of the \(s\), \(p\), and \(d\) block elements from 1-18. We will learn the reason for this later, when we discuss how compounds form. These elements also have similar properties to each other, the most significant property being that they are extremely unreactive, rarely forming compounds. This group contains very reactive nonmetal elements. Group 7A (or 17) elements are also called halogens. It is important to recognize a couple of other important groups on the periodic table by their group name. Remember, Mendeleev arranged the table so that elements with the most similar properties were in the same group on the periodic table. The same pattern is true of other groups on the periodic table. Once again, because of their similarities in electron configurations, these elements have similar properties to each other. Group 2A is also called the alkaline earth metals. Although most metals tend to be very hard, these metals are actually soft and can be easily cut. Group 1A is also known as the alkali metals. Because of their similarities in their chemical properties, Mendeleev put these elements into the same group. The elements in 1A are all very reactive and form compounds in the same ratios with similar properties with other elements. This is what causes these elements to react in the same ways as the other members of the family. All of the 1A elements have one valence electron. A group is a vertical column of the periodic table. Remember that Mendeleev arranged the periodic table so that elements with the most similar properties were placed in the same group.
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